Matar ki Kasht | Peas in Pakistan | مٹر کی کاشت

Last updated on July 19th, 2023 at 11:41 am

Source Literature: Matar ki Kasht | Peas in Pakistan | مٹر کی کاشت, Government of the Punjab, Agriculture Department, Pakistan

PEAS CULTIVATION IN PAKISTAN– مٹر کی کاشت | Matar ki Kasht

SOWING SEASONS IN PAKISTAN

• PUNJAB
• Early Crop
  • Sowing = Sep-Oct
  • Harvesting = Nov-Dec
• Mid Season Crop
  • Sowing = Oct-Nov
  • Harvesting = Jan-Apr
• Core Areas
  • Faisalabad, T.T.Singh, Sahiwal, Gujranwala

• BALOCHISTAN
• Normal Crop
  • Sowing = April-May
  • Harvesting = May-June
• Core Areas
  • Ziarat
  • Loralai

• KPK
• Normal Crop
  • Sowing = May-June
  • Harvesting = Jun-august
• Core Areas
  • Bata kundi
  • Khagan
  • Babusar Top

MAJOR VARIETIES

1. Supreme
2. Sarsabz
3. Pea -2009
4. Meteor
5. Climax Improved

CLIMATE REQUIRED FOR THE CROP

• Peas grow best in cooler weather
• They can be planted early in the spring and late in the summer, depending on climate.
• Peas grow well in moderate climate with temperature range 15^ОC – 28^ОC.
• If temperature exceeds 30^ОC then plant becomes susceptible to root rot disease.

SOIL

• Peas love fertile soil having proper water sanitation system
• Alkaline saline soil & poor drainage soils are not good for it
• PH 6 to 7

SOWING METHODS FOR PEAS | Matar ki kasht

• Early
  • Peas seed is sown on both sides of 75 cm wide beds
  • Keeping  plant to plant distance 5 cm with seed depth of 2 – 3 cm
• Normal
  • Peas seed is sown on both sides of 1.0 – 1.5 m wide beds
  • Keeping  plant to plant distance 8-10cm with seed depth of 2 – 3 cm

• Sowing time for early crop
  • Last week of September to 2^nd  week of October
• Sowing time for mid/ late crop
  •  Last week of October to 2^nd week of November
• Sowing time for seed crop
  • Last week of October to 2^nd week of November

Seed Rate

• Healthy seed @ 25 – 30 Kg/acre for early season crop
• Healthy seed @ 20-25Kg/acre for mid/late season crop

Weeds

• Usually weeds like Karund, Bathu, Itsit, Jangli Palak, Maina, Senji, Laili, Pyazi and Dhela grow in the field of peas
• Use of Stamp/Pendi methyline @ 1.5 liter / acre or Dual gold @ 800 cc / acre can eradicate the weeds.
• weedicides are more effective when used just after the sowing in wet conditions.
• In order to keep  maintain the desirable soil structure 2-3 hoeing should be done

Fertilizer

• The fertilizer dose depends upon the fertility and amount of organic matter available in soil.
• To improve the organic matter in the soil, add 10 – 12 tonnes/acre of farm yard manure in field during land preparation.
• Apply DAP 100 kg, SOP 50 kg at sowing time.
• Applied 50 kg urea at flowering stage for optimum yield production.

Harvesting

• Picking of green pods should be conducted at the time when pods are filled with grains
• Normally, two pickings from early peas and three pickings from mid season peas are taken
• During pickings, plants should be handled carefully to avoid any kind of damage.
• For local markets picking may be carried out early in the morning
• For distant markets it can be taken a day before in the evening
• Keep the harvest in clean cloth bags to maintain its quality

Diseases

• Root Rot
  • Roots are pinched off and rotted
  • Reddish brown streaks form in the primary and secondary roots and later merge.
  • Firstly lower leaves dry and then whole plant dies.
• Control
  • Seed treatment with  recommended fungicide before sowing
  • Always follow the crop rotation to avoid the soil borne pathogens.
  •  Use resistant cultivars 
  • Sowing should be done at low temperature

• Powdery Mildew
  • Discolored patches from which a powder mass radiates appeared on both surfaces of leaves
  • These patches then appear on tendrils, pods and stem
  • Ultimately disease is recognized by white powdery coating on all over the plant that contains numerous conidia produced by the fungus
• Control
  • Spray the crop with recommended fungicide at the appearance of disease
  • Always follow the crop rotation
  • Use resistant cultivars 

Control of Pests

• Aphid
  • Avoid growing alternative host plants
  • Use recommended pesticides
  • Infested crops should be destroyed immediately after harvest to prevent excessive dispersal,
• Jassid
  • Avoid growing alternative host plants
  • Use recommended pesticides
  • Infested crops should be destroyed immediately after harvest to prevent excessive dispersal,
• Leaf Miner
  • Avoid growing alternative host plants
  • Use recommended pesticides
  • Remove all plant debris and weeds
  • Crop rotation is an effective pest management tool.
• American Worm
  • Avoid growing alternative host plants
  • Use recommended pesticide
  • Crop rotation is an effective pest management tool
  • Use pheromone traps for monitoring.

Source Literature: Matar ki Kasht | Peas in Pakistan | مٹر کی کاشت ZTBL, Pakistan