Agri-MCQs # 17: Horticultural Sciences
INSTITUTE OF HORTICULTURAL SCIENCES
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS FOR ENTRY TEST
The edible part of potato is:
Root
Tuber
Rhizome
Corm
Vegetable production for local consumption is:
a Market gardeningb Home gardening
c Truck gardening
d Vegetable forcingFoliage plants with extremely tender and watery stem are :
Herb
Succulents
Vine
Runner
Most of the summer vegetables are:
Annual
Biennial
Perennial
None
Summer vegetables can be grown out of season in a climatic region:
e. Lower Sindh
Upper Sindh
Southern Punjab
Northern Punjab
In seed formation the inner integument remains thin and develops into:
Testa
f. Tegmen
Aril
Hilum
During seed formation, a sear left by the funiculus is termed as
Hilum
Funiculus
Operculum
Raphe
Cracking in tomato fruit is due to:
High nitrogen level
Temperature fluctuations
Soil moisture fluctuations
All of these
Endosperm like tissue (2n) in seed developing from nucellus is :
Endospem
Cotyledom
Perisperm
Mericarp
Orthodox seeds after dissemination may be
None dormant
Dormant
Quiescent
i. All of above
Reduction or elimination of dormancy in crop plant is due to :
Domestication
Hybridization
Mutation
j. Acclimatization
Dormancy due to factors within the embryo is:
Endogenous
Exogenous
Combination
None of above
Secondary dormancy in non dormant seeds is due to:
Temperature
Moisture
Aeration
Light
Germination of undeveloped seeds is favored by:
Warm temperature (>20°C)
Gibberallic acid
Low temperature (<20°C)
a & b
During stratification, the most important factor is:
Temperature
Duration
Media
e. All of above
Stage at which seed achieves it maximum dry weight and has maximum germination
potential and vigor is:Physiological maturity
Edible maturity
Harvest maturity
None of above
Seed vigor is affected by
Time of storage
Type of seed stored
Storage environment
All of above
Tetrazolium test to check seed viability is
Chemical test
Enzyme test
Germination test
a & c
Researchers describe seed moisture contents in terms of :
Dry weight
Wet weight
Percent weight
a & b
Controlled inhibition of seed is termed as:
Priming
Soaking
Chilling
None of above
Celery and lettuce at high temperature become
Photodormant
Thermodormant
Ecodormant
Non dormant
Excessive soil moisture, late in the season cause.
Decrease in TSS decrease in dry matter
Increase in TSS decrease in dry matter
Decrease in TSS increase in dry matter
None of above
Most of following category crops are shallow rooted
Summer
Winter
Off season
All of above
Deep rooted vegetables require:
Less frequent irrigation
More water at each irrigation
Both a & b
None of above
Fruit of following vegetables is edible:
Summer
Winter
Cruciferous
All of above
Mulches are mainly used to reduce
Transpiration
Evaporation
Evapotranspiration
All of above
What type of mulches reduce soil temperature?
Organic mulch
Gray polythene
Black polythene
Transparent polythene
For hybrid seed production flowers are completely suppressed on female
plants.Staminate
Pistillate
Staminode
Alternate
Recommended cucumber cultivars under tunnel production technology are:
Monoecious
Gynoecious
Andromonoecious
Gynomonoecious
Flowering in water melon is unaffected by light duration as it is:
Short day long night plant
Long day short night plant
Day neutral plant
None of the above
Nature of pollination in cucurbits is:
Highly cross pollinated
Oftenly cross pollinated
Highly self pollinated
None of above
Ginger is commonly cultivated as:
Annual
Biennial
Perennial
Biannaul
Cross pollination is essential in following type of vegetables.
Monoecious
Dioecious
Gynoecious
Perigynous
Cross pollination in plants bearing bisexual flowers is due to
Dichogamy
Herkogamy
Heterostyly
All of above
In anemophilous plants, pollens are disseminated by means of:
Insects
Water
Wind
Gravity
In pollen development Gametocides induces a problem of:
Sterility
Viability
Fertility
Mobility
Production of seeds without fertilization is termed as:
Parthenocarpy
Parthenogenesis
Gametogenesis
All of above
Most of the hybrid watermelon and cucumber are:
Triproid
Diploids
Aneuploids
Colchiploids
Removal of off type plants from a seed field is termed as:
Weeding
Rouging
Hoeing
All of above
The most important seed component affecting seed /viability during storage is:
Temperature
Humidity
Moisture
Food reserves
Potato is generally propagated through
Seed potato
Potato seed
True Potato Seed
All of above
Isolation during seed production is done by:
Types (Varieties)
Plantation at a distance
Zoning
All of above
The most common pollinator insect in Pakistan is
Syrphid fly
Bumble bees
Honey bees
House fly
Seed production in biennial vegetables is mostly done by:
Seed to seed method
In situ method
Replanting method
All of above
Male sterily is not due to
Genetic factor
Genome factor
Cytogenetic factor
Nutritional factor
Hybrid vigor in vegetables is manifested by
High yield
Uniformity in size
Uniformity in maturity
All of above
Water melon for seed should be harvested when
Tendrils wither
Skin color is green
Skin color is pale yellow
Vine dry out
In Pakistan, vegetables for seed production are harvested by:
Manual method
Machines
Combine harvestors
All of above
During storage of vegetable seeds, seed moisture should be
Less than 10%
Equal to 10%
Greater than 10%
None of above
The poorest seed storage capacity is in:
Okra
Peas
Cucurbits
Onion
51 Nitrates are absorbed at pH below :
5
6
7
8
Hormones which control apical dominance are:
Auxins
Cytokinins
Gibberellins
Polyamines
Tetraploid watermelon must be pollinated by plants to produce a seedless
watermelonTriploid
Aneuploid
Diploid
Tetraploid
Which vegetable cannot be grown as an off season vegetable:
Tomato
Potato
Chillies
Cucumber
55 Lower temperature than normal convert male flowers into perfect flowers in :
Date palm
Mango
Papaya
Citrus
Tomato is a crop.
Self pollinated
Insect pollinated
Oftenly cross pollinated
Wind pollinated
Turmeric is propagated by:
Corms
Seed
Rhizome
Bulb
Sweet potato is propagated by:
Stem cuttings
Tubers
Roots
a & b
Self pollination is a form of:
Inbreeding
Out breeding
Random mating
None of these
Cross pollination is associated with:
Cleistogamy
e. Chasmogamy
Dichogamy
Apogamy
Completion of pollination and fertilization in unopened flower bud is termed as
Chasmogamy
Apogamy
f. Cleistogamy
c. Dichogamy
Maturation of anthers and stigma at the same time refers to:
g. Homogamy
Chasmogamy
Cleistogamy
Dichogamy
Fertilization after opining of flower refers to:
Cleistogamy
h. Chasmogamy
Homogamy
Herkogamy
Male sterility promotes:
Autogamy
Allogamy
Homogamy
i. Chasmogamy
Exposure of seed to low temperature before germination is termed as :
Scarification
j. Stratification
Vernalization
All of above
Imbibed or germinated seeds subjected to cold temperature is termed as:
Scarification
Startification
k. Vernalization
c. Sterilization
Which of following vegetable does not require specific low temperature before
flowering:Beetroot
Cabbage
Onion
l. Brinjal
Edible part of cauliflower is :
Flowers
Flower bud
m. Vegetative bud
c. Inflorescence
Edible portion of cabbage is
Terminal bud
n. Leaves
Leaves + inflorescence
All of above
Cole crops are:
o. Hardy
Half hardy
Non hardy
Semi hardy
Which of the following crop has lowest water contents:
Cucumber
Watermelon
Bottle gourd
Cauliflower
The commercial variety of watermelon is:
Sugar baby
Red beauty
Red king
Sugary
Vine of crop of bottle gourd is not staked during:
r. Summer season
Rainy season
Early season
Late season
Which one is not the best source of protein?
s. Potatoes
Peas
Beans
Okra
The cause of hotness in Chillies is:
Cucurbitacin
t. Capsaicin
Allicin
All of above
Which crop is most susceptible to viral infection :
Chilies
Tomato
Onion
Brinjal
Which of the following vegetable has a dioecious behaviour:
Onion
Cabbage
Bitter gourd
Spinach
Consecutive use of garlic will reduce the level of:
Cholesterol
Sugar
Uric acid
None of above
Bulb production in onion is dependent upon:
Temperature
Soil moisture
Day length
c. All of above
Red colour of carrot is due to :
Lycopene
y. Carotene
Anthocyanin
Propanene
Colour of carrot roots is affected by:
Soil temperature
z. Soil moisture
Soil texture
All of above
Radish belongs to family:
aa. Cruciferae
Umbelliferae
Leguminoseae
Poaceae
For an early harvest, cucurbits are grown on:
Rocky soils
Sandy soils
Clayey soils
Organic soils
Tomato fruit is botanically a:
Berry
Pome
Drupe
Hip
The portion of axis below the cotyledons in seed is:
Micropyl
Hypocotyl
Epicotyl
None of above
Which type of flowers can not produce seeds and / or fruit?
Pistillate
Perfect
Hermaphrodite
Staminate
Degeneration of above ground parts in ginger is due to
a.Senescence
b. Maturity
c.Partial senescence
d.Over ripeningIn spinach, pollination takes place by means of:
Water
Insects
Birds
Wind
Tender crop cannot tolerate a minimum temperature of
-2°C
-1°C
0°C
All of above
Optimum temperature for cool season vegetables is:
a. 25-30°C
b. 25-27°C
c. 18-24°C
d. 15-20°C
Which one is not an appropriate approach to control frost?
Avoidance
Reduction of heat loss
Addition of heat
Transmittance of control
Tomato, chillies and brinjal are grouped as
Cole crops
Fruit crops
Solanaceous crops
Summer crops
Color development in tomato fruit is due to
Lycopene
Carotenoid
Polypropylene
All of above
Cucurbits consumed at immature stage are grouped under:
Summer squashes
Winter squashes
Gourds
Pumpkins
Almost all vegetables are dioeceous with respect to flower.
Summer
Winter
Both of these
None of these
Term vine yard is used for:
Grape plantation
Citrus plantation
Mango plantation
None of these
Term viticulture is used for:
Grape cultivation
Citrus cultivation
Mango cultivation
None of these
Home gardening deals with vegetable production for:
Home consumption
For local market
At commercial level
All of these
Truck gardening means vegetable production for:
Distant places
Industry
Local market
None of these
100 Tip burn of lettuce occurs at high air temperature when the soil is :
Cool
Dry
Hot
Wet
Organic crop cultivation is :
With fertilizers
Without fertilizers
With organic manures
None of these
Thinning in vegetables is practiced to maintain:
Plant x Plant distance
Line x Line distance
Both of these
None of these
Transplanting means
Shifting of seedlings
Shifting of large plants
Shifting of potted plants
All of these
Shrubs fall in the category of
7–15 feet high
25 feet high
More than 25 feet
None of these
Deciduous plants are mostly grown in
Hilly area
In plains
Along rivers
None of these
Vine mean climbing/trailing plants with
Herbaceous stem
Woody stem
Both of these
None of these
Monoecious plants have male and female sexes/flowers on
Same plant
Different plants
Both of these
None of these
Hardy crops /plants are acclimatized against
Frost
Extreme heat
Both of these
None of these
True fruits developed from
Ovary
Thalamus
Pericarp
All of these
Drupe fruits have all the three ovarian layers
Fused
Separated
Mixed
None of these
Creeping vegetables crops are grown on
Beds
Ridges
Flats
All of these
Mango is a
Drupe fruit
Pome fruit
Berry fruit
Aggregate fruit
Citrus is a special type of
f. Berry
Pome
Drupe
None of these
Dicots could be identified on the basis of:
g. Reticulate leaf venations
Parallel venations
No leaf venations
None of these
In binomial nomenclature system, 1st name is:
h. Genus name
Spp. name
Family name
Sub. Family name
Most of the summer vegetables belong to family:
Solanaecae
Cucurbitaceae
Malvaceae
Poaceae
Cultivar means
Some cultivated variety
Discarded variety
Rejected variety
Approved variety
Pears and beans are rich source of:
Carbohydrates
k. Protein
Both
None of these
Potato and sweet potato are well known for
l. Carbohydrates
Proteins
Vitamins
All of these
Leafy vegetables provide
m. Iron
Carbohydrates
Protein
None of these
Iron is a carrier of
n. Oxygen
CO2
Both of these
None of these
Vitamin A is effective against
o. Night blindness
Beri beri disease
Gum problems
None of these
Carrot is a rich source of vitamin:
p. Vitamin A
Vitamin C
Vitamin D
Vitamin E
Cole crops are comprised of:
Cauliflower
Cabbage
Knol Khol
q. All of these
Salad crops are
Lettuce
Radish
Cabbage
r. All of these
Which of the following crop is grown sexually
Potato
Garlic
s. Onion
c. Turmeric
Tomato varieties are mainly:
Indeterminate type
Determinate type
t. Both types
c. None of these
Fertigation refers to the application of fertilizer with
Water
Rain
Both of these
None of these
In hydroponic system plants are grown in
Water
Soil
Sand
Gravels
Through drip we can provide
Water
Fertilizer
w. Both of the above
c. None of these
Nitrogen in vegetables is needed for
x. Vegetative growth
Ripening /maturity
Reproductive growth
None of these
Seed potato seed has
y. Dormancy
Rest period
Both of these
None of these
Carrot and coriander belong to the family
z. Umbelliferae
Crucifereae
Cucurbitaceae
None of these
Potato belong to the family
aa. Solanaceae
Umbelliferae
Cruciferae
None of these
Melons belong to the family
Cucurbitaceae
Solanaceae
Crucifereae
None of these
Melons have seeds in
e. Cavity/centre
Scattered
Both type may be
None of these
Cantaloupe belongs to the group:
Cucurbits
f. Melons
Gourds
Squashes
Hybrid varieties of cucumber grown in tunnels are:
g. Parthenocarpic
Zygotic
Both types
None of these
Staking of vines in rainy season is done to avoid:
Insect attack
h. Disease attack
Sunscald
None of these
Optimum temperature for potato tuber formation is
i. 20–22°C
a. 25-30°Cb. 22-25°C
c. All of these
Tuber initiation in potato starts after
j. 7th week
9th week
5th week
4th week
Color of carrot depends upon
Age
Variety
Season
All of these
Splitting of carrot is due to
Fresh manure
Heavy fertilizer
Less fertilizer
None of these
High temperature in chillies causes
Flower drop
Fruit drop
m. Both of the above
c. None of these
Early blight and late blight of potato are
n. Fungal disease
Viral disease
Bacterial disease
Disorders
Potato dormancy can be broken through
Chemical treatment
Low temperature
o. Both of these
c. None of these
Dormancy period in potato is about
2 Months
1 Month
p. 3 Months
c. ½ Month
Seed rate/acre in potato for autumn crop is
q. 900–1100 Kg
500 Kg
400 Kg
100 Kg
Potato cut tuber are used for planting during
Autumn crop
r. Spring crop
Both of above
None of above
Hollow heart of potato is a
Disease
s. Disorder
Insect attack
Deficiency
Potato tubers become green if
t. Exposed to light
Attacked by insect
Infected
None of these
Virus free seeds of potato are produced in
Hilly areas
Spring crop
In plains
Autumn crop
Okra belongs to family
Malvaceae
Solanaceae
Cucurbitacaea
Chenopodiaceae
Desiree and Cardinal are varieties of
Carrot
Potato
Radish
Peas
Which of the following vegetable is directly seeded in field:
Chillies
Tomato
Brinjal
Peas
Buttoning is a disorder of
Cauliflower
Peas
Potato
Tomato
Production of very small sized heads in cauliflower is called
z. Buttoning
Belting
Both of these
None of these
Development of seed stalks earlier in biennial crops is called
Bolting
Buttoning
Greening
None of these
Bolting in biennial crops is due to
e. Low temperature exposure
High temperature exposure
Both of these
None of these
Quality seed carrot is produced through
Seed to seed method
Toping in situ method
f. Steeklings
c. None of these
Bloosom end rot of tomato is due to
Infection/disease
g. Boron/ Ca. deficiency
Insect attack
Nutritional deficiency
Vegetables belonging to the cross pollinated group is
Peas
Tomato
a & b
h. Cabbage
White brinjals are commonly grown for:
i. Ornamental purpose
Salad purpose
a + b
None of these
Tunnels for vegetable forcing are categorized as
High type
Low type
Walk in type
All of these
Storage life of vegetables increased by the use of GA spray at harvesting time
50 ppm
100 ppm
200 ppm
None of above
Dormancy of seeds are broken by
l. GA
Ethylene
Water
None of above
Femaleness in cucumber is induced by :
GA
ABA
IBA
m. None of above
Maleness in cucumber is induced by :
n. GA
ABA
IBA
None of above
Plants, protein, RNA, DNA contents are increased by
Auxins
Adenine
o. Cytokinins
c. None of above
Most of the cucurbits are:
p. Salt tolerant
Salt sensitive
a & b
None
Most commonly used growth retardants are
q. Phosphon
MH
Caumarin
None of above
Alar significantly increased fruit.
Size
Color
Weight
All of above
In green plants light favour the formation of
Auxin
GA
ABA
IBA
Potato belongs to the family
Umbliferae
Cucribtacea
t. Solanaceae
c. Alliaceae
Parthenocarpic cucumber develops due to:
After pollination
Without pollination
None of above
a & b
Family solanaceae consist of these crops.
Potato, Tomato, eggplant etc.
Water melon, muskmelon, cucumber
Turnip, Raddish, Carrot etc.
None of above
Which crop is reproduced sexually
Ginger
Turmeric
w. Onion
c. None of above
Which crop propagated by asexual means:
x. Sweet potato
Chillies
Cauliflower
None of above
Vegetables which grow during summer
Turnip, Raddish
y. Cucumber, watermelon
Cauliflower, Cabbage
None of above
Vegetables which grow during winter
Cole crops
Cucurbits
Root crops
z. a & c
These vegetables are mainly raised through nursery :
aa. Tomato, Chillies
Cucumber, watermelon
Radish, turnip
None of above
183 Viscosity of the cytoplasm increases when temperature is :
Low
Medium
High
Very High
Which vegetables is transplanted without earthen ball
Cucumber,
Watermelon
e. Cauliflower
c. None of above
These vegetables are cross pollinated in nature
f. Cauliflower, cabbage
Spinach, Peas
Raddish
None of above
Which vegetable is self pollinated
g. Peas
Cucumber
Watermelon
Sponge gourd
The Botanical name of sweet pepper is
Capsicum annum
Capsicum fruitesence
h. Capsicum groosum
c. None of above
Botanical seed of potato is
Seed potato
i. Potato seed
None of above
Slips
The origin of the peas is
Africa
j. Asia
America
Europe
New growth of plants need water for proper development:
Low
Medium
k. High
c. Very High
Which vegetables consist of more concentration of Vit. A
l. Carrot
Fenogreek
Potato
Peas
Which vegetable consist of more Vitamin C contents:
m. Tomato
Turnip
Radish
Cauliflower
Which vegetable having high concentration of fats.
Sweet potato, potato
Water melon, musk melon
Cabbage, Cauliflower
n. None of above
Which of the family is also named as Nightshade family:
Alliace
Cucurbitaceae
o. Solanaceae
c. None of above
Which one of the following is a bulb crop:
p. Garlic
Potato
Ginger
Arum
Botanical name of water melon is :
q. Citrullus lanatus
Citrllus vulgaris
Citnullus fistulosis
None of above
Auxin antagonists compounds interact with auxins as:
r. Counteract
Increase
Decrease
None of the above
The compounds which inhibit the activity of auxins are known as:
Auxin antagonists
s. Antiauxins
Epinostic agent
All of above
Compounds possessing hormone like properties which have small molecular weight,
are termed as :Auxins
Gibberellins
t. Kinins
c. None of these
Many in super optimal concentrations also act as growth inhibitors :
Auxins
Gibberellins
Cytokinins
All of above
In plants auxin are mainly present in:
Root tips
Stem end
Shoot tips
c. Leaf margins
Direction of plant growth is controlled by:
w. Auxins
Gibberellins
Kinins
All of above
The amount of growth regulators present in naturally parthenocarpic fruits is:
x. High
Low
Intermediate
None of above
Factors involved in the formation of auxins are:
Age of apex
Light
Zinc
y. All of the above
Tumerous tissue cells are promising source of:
Abscibic acid
z. Kinin
Alar
Jasminoides
Auxins have effective role in :
Delay in flower opening
Cell division
aa. Reduction of pre harvest fruit drop
All of the above
have ability to alter the sex of the flowers:
Auxins
Gibberellins
Kinins
None of above
can release lateral buds from apical dominance :
Auxins
Gibberellins
e. Kinins
a. None of above
Leaf senescence can be retarded by the application of :
Auxins
Gibberellins
Kinins
Abscicic acid
Growth retardants are the substances which slow down :
Cell division
Cell elongation
a & b
None of the above
Auxin destruction activity is inhibited by :
Blue light
e. Red light
Green light
None of the above
First and the heaviest flower drop in fruit plants occurs due to :
Structural defects in the flowers
Lack of pollination
Non fertilization
f. All of the above
Salient factors which contribute to the fruit drop are:
Embryo abortion
Seed number of fruit
Moisture supply
g. All of the above
Dormancy can be broken by the use of:
Thiourea
Ethlene chlorohydrin
Ethylene acetylene
h. All of the above
Auxins as herbicides are supposed to be:
Non toxic to animals and human beings
Highly selective
Exert their action at extremely low concentration
i. All of the above
Solanum melogena is locally known as :
Tomato
Potato
j. Egg plant
c. Chillies
Why hardening is practiced in vegetables:
To increase the yield
To increase fruit colour
k. To increase the resistance of the plant
c. All of the above
At fruit bud differentiation, nitrogen contents are :
l. Low
Medium`
High
Very high
Word pomum means:
m. Fruit
Vegetable
Flower
None of these
Chromose number of citrus is:
a.
8
n.
9
b.
10
c.
11
Parthenocarpy refers to :
Seedless fruits
o. Fruit without pollination
Seeds without pollination
None of above
Flower of grapes is technically called as:
Umbel
Recemose
Clyptra
None
Anthesis of grapes complete at:
Pedicel fall
Calyx drop
e. Cap fall
a. None
Date palm leaf is called:
Simple leaf
Long leaf
f. Frond
a. Pinna
Dioecious, monocot fruit tree is:
Banana
Pomegranate
g. Date palm
a. Papaya
Dicot, diecious fruit tree is:
h. Papaya
Date palm
Mango
Banana
Monocot and monoecious fruit plant is:
i. Banana
Papaya
Date palm
None
Tree fruit can tolerate a soil pH in the range of:
a.
4.5-8.5
b.
5.5-8.0
c.
5.0-8.0
j.
5.5-8.5
Water potential in rhizosphere is measured with:
k. Tensiometer
Hygrometer
pH meter
Thermo meter
Grape plant is technically called as:
l. Liana
Vine
Creeper
Bush
Guava plant is technically categorized as:
m. Bush
Tree
Herb
None
Citrus belongs to sub family:
Citrea
Clausnea
n. Aurantioideae
c. Citrae
Citrus fruit is botanically:
o. Hesperidium berry
Pome fruit
Climacteric fruit
None
Apple fruit develops from:
p. Thalamus
Ovary
Ovule
Pedicel
A complete flower has:
5 whorls
3 whorls
2 whorls
4 whorls
Kinnow seed is:
Polyembryonic
Monoembryonic
Multiembryonic
None
Apomictic seedlings are also called as:
s. Nucellar seedlings
Sexual seedlings
Embryonic seedlings
None
Cherry is a:
Berry fruit
t. Stone fruit
Pome fruit
Drupe
Seed of strawberry fruit is:
Achene
True seed
Viable seed
Aborted seed
Mulberry is a fruit of type:
Multiple
Berry
Aggregate
c. Peppo
The biggest fruit plant containing family is:
w. Rosaceae
Citrea
Leguminoseae
Vitaceae
Chilling injury in plants occurs at a temperature:
<4°C
x. <5°C
<8°C
<9°C
Both Mango and Pistachio belongs to one family:
y. Anacardiaceae
Mangifera
Gramineae
None
Date palm is also called as:
z. Feather palm
Wild palm
Century palm
Domestic palm
Green hard stage of date fruit is:
Kimri
Rutab
Doka
Dung
Date fruit for curring is harvested at:
e. Rutab stage
Tamar stage
Dung stage
None
Banana fruit is called as
f. Finger
Hand
Heart
None
Peaches belongs to family
g. Rosaceae
Rutaceae
Palmaceae
None
Kumquat fruit is edible
h. Whole fruit
Without peel
With seed
None
Guava is a rich source of
Vitamin C
Pectin
a & b
Sugar
Common rootstock for citrus in Punjab
i. Rough lemon
Sour orange
Sweet orange
Sweet lime
Pruning is a regular practice in date palm variety
Hillawi
Khudrawi
j. Deglet Noor
c. Hillini
Excess of N in citrus plant may cause
Leaf drop
Lodging
k. Flower drop
c. Fruit drop
Alternate bearing is a problem of following fruit crops
Mango
Apple
Citrus
l. All of above
Citrus can tolerate a salinity level
pH 9.0
m. pH 8.5
pH 7.5
pH 4.5
Male inflorescence of Cashew nut and Walnut is called
n. Catkins
Rachis
Cyme
None
“Hari” is a rootstock for
Walnut
o. Apricot
Mulberry
None
Apple bears on
Shoots
Sprigs
p. Spurs
c. Twigs
Bearing habit of mango is
q. Terminal
Lateral
Axillary
Basal
Polyembryony means
One embryo
Two embryo
More than two embryo
r. More than three embryo
Head in fire, foot in water is a proverb for
Olive
Coconut
s. Date palm
c. None
Pears are
Universally self compatible
t. Universally self incompatible
Gross compatible
None
Quince is a common rootstock for
Peach
Plum
u. Pear
c. Pomegranate
Parienth is the fnion of
Calyx and Corolla
Pedicel and Thalamus
Stamen and Stigma
Style and Ovary
Spur is defined as
Mature productive wood
Inmature juvenile wood
a & b
Mature wood with rosette head
Chimera refers to
Somatic cell fusion
Gametic cell fusion
Undiffereciated cell
None
Metaxenia is the impact of
Pollen on seed
g. Pollen on fruit
Pollen on ovule
Pollen on ovary
Senescence is a stage of
h. Tissue decay
Tissue multiplication
Tissue vigour
Tissue ripening
Rest is a natural process in
Seed
i. Seed & plant
Plant
Tropical plant
Dormancy in plant and seed is mainly due to
Environmental factor
Physiological factor
a & b
None
Petiole is a main part of
Flower
j. Leaf
Inflorescence
Twig
Micropyle is an opening in
Stomata
k. Seed
Ovary
Flower
Skirt in date palm fruit is
Exocarp
Merocarp
l. Endocarp
c. Seed
Recommended matrix height in citrus is
4 inches
6 inches
m. 9 inches
c. 12 inches
Common rootstock used for sweet orange in NWFP.
n. Sour orange
Rough lemon
Citrumello
None
Berry splitting in citrus and strawberry is due to
o. High temperature
Low moisture
High sunlight
High air pressure
Mango varieties in Pakistan are
p. Monoembryonic
Polyembryonic
Mono to Polyembryonic
None
Asexually apple rootstocks is raised by
Grafting
Budding
q. Stooling
c. Layering
Lemons and limes can also be propagated by
Layering
Cuttings
a & b
None
Common rootstocks for apple in Pakistan
M-7
M-9
r. Crab apple
c. Sky spur
Systematic pomology deals with
Commercial fruit production
s. Nomenclature
Domestic production
Export production
The Genus Fortunella include :
7 spp.
6 spp.
5 spp.
4 spp.
Genus Poncirus has
1 spp.
3 spp.
6 spp.
16 spp.
Best time of propagation of fruit plants in sub tropical region is :
Spring season
Spring & autum season
Summer season
Summer and winter season
Major insect attacking the summer crop of guava during summer crop is :
White fly
Fire fly
w. Fruit fly
c. Drosophilla fly
Grapevine needs :
x. Bulk pruning
Light pruning
Moderate pruning
No pruning
A self supporting vine type stem is called.
Vine
Shrub
Herb
y. Liana
Edible part of pomegranate is
Seed
Vesicles
Mesocarp
a. Aril
Apple and pears are classified as
Drupe
Pome
Berry
Hesperidium
Nut fruits are derived from
Epigynous flower
c. Hypogynous flower
Perigynous flower
Hypo and perigynous flower
Strawberry is a fruit of type.
Multiple
Achene
Berry
Aggregate
The coldest region for citrus growing is
U.S.A.
New Zealand
Australia
Pakistan
The three important genera of Anacardiaceae family are.
Mangifera, Pistacia and Cocos
Eugenia, Anacardium, Pistacia
g. Pistacia, Mangifera, Anacardium
c. Psidium, Aurantium, Mangifera
Chromosome number of mango are
h. n=20
n=17
n=8
n=11
Unfertile stamens of mango are called.
Sterile
Indehiscent
Staminoides
Pistilloids
Mango flower carries fertile stamens which are.
One
One or two
Three
One or three
Low temperature regime in summer which stops growth of mango is :
35°F
30°F
20°F
18°F
Canary date differs from cultivated date in
Length of fronds
Arrangement of pinnus
Thickness of stem
Area of origin
Wild dates (P. sylvestris) is important due to
Nutritious fruit
Sweetness of fruit
Sugar production
p. Medicinal value.
Maximum production of date palm is in:
Iran
Algeria
U.S.A.
q. Iraq
Apple belongs to the family
Ancardiaceae
Palmaea
Rutaceae
Rosaceae
Apple is a fruit of
Temperate region
Sub tropical
Tropical
Temperate and sub tropical
Apple flower has carpels like
t. Five
Six
Seven
One
Date growth does not cease if temperature does not fall below:
0°C.
10°C
18°C
a. 20°C
Seedless date palm variety is:
Hassaku
Hillai
Ajwa
None
Pruning is carried out in date palm variety:
w. Deglet Noor
Hillawi
Khudrawi
Ajwa
Date palm propagation is by means of:
x. Suckers
Seeds
Off shoots
None
Mushroom seed is called:
y. Spawn
Seed
Button
None
Mushroom are cultivated on:
On soil
Hydroponic
z. Dead mass
c. On trees
Banana plants are infected with:
aa. Banana bunchy top
Anthracnose of stem
Rhizome wilt
None
Banana fruit bunch is called:
Hand
Heart
Finger
All of above
Banana plant bears in it’s life time:
e. Once in life
Twice in life
Multiple times
All of above
Banana propagation is carried out through:
f. Sword sucker
Water suckers
Aerial suckers
All of above
Banana is a fruit type of:
Non climacteric
g. Climacteric
Recurrent climacteric
All of above
Apple and pear belongs to:
Same genus
h. Different sub genus
Different genera
All of above
Apple is a rich source of mineral:
Carbohydrates
Proteins
Vita-A
i. Iron
Apple bears on spurs in cluster of:
3 Flowers
4 Flowers
j. 5 Flowers
c. More than all above
Apple flower is distinguished from pear flower:
Due to its colour
Due to its size
a & b
None
Honey extracted from almond flower is inedible due to:
k. Amygdalus factor
Oxalic acid
a & b
None
Almond and peach belongs to:
Same genus and spp.
l. Some germs & different spp.
Different genus & different spp.
All of above
Different mango varieties can be distinguished on the basis of:
m. New leaf colour
Panicle length
Number of male flowers
All of above
Salt tolerant fruit plants are:
Date and Ber
Ber and Guava
n. a & b
c. None
Adopted planting system of orchard in Pakistan is:
o. Square system
Rectangular system
Hexagonal system
All of above
RCBD stands for:
Repeated control block design
Reported complete block design
p. Randomized complete block design
c. All of above
Nitrogen in plant sample is estimated by:
Refreshrometer
q. Kjeldhal’s apparatus
Spectrophotometer
All of above
Jaman has a medicinal value against:
r. Diabetes
Cancer
Blindness
All of above
Chinese layering is practiced in:
Mulberry
Strawberry
s. Litchi
c. All of above
Abscission in fruit occur due to:
t. Excessive abscissic acid
Excessive Ghrtamic acid
Excessive Lactic acid
Excessive Citric acid
Button in citrus fruit is:
Calyx at base
Calyx at apex
a & b
All of above
Pomology is a study of
Fruit plants
Pome fruit
Medicinal plants
Deciduous plants
The microsporogenesis is the formation of
Male gamete
Female gamtete
Female and male gamete
Non of these
330 Physiological aging activity in which plant tissues degenerate and ultimately die is called
Senescence
Ripening
Climacteric
Degeneration
Plants response to the relative length of daylight or darkness is known as:
long day
Short day
Neutral
e. Photoperiodism
Abscisic acid (ABA) is natural plant hormone, which:
Promote the growth
Initiate the ripening
Induce the fruit maturity
f. retards the growth
The development of fruit without fertilization or seed is called as:
Pollination
polyembryony
pseudogamy
g. Parthenocarpy
The commercial yield of citrus orchards in tropical and subtropical are commonly:
Equal
h. 50% less in tropical than subtropical regions
50% more in tropical than subtropical regions
All wrong
335 High nitrate supply helps to maximum carbohydrates:
Utilize
Store
Synthesize
Increase
Nuceller seedlings are also called as:
Monoembryony
Zygotic seedling
j. Polyembryony
c. None of them
A change in genetic constitution, which arises suddenly and not to segregation and
recombination of genes in sexual reproduction is called as:Hybridization
Bud variation
k. Mutation
c. Non of them
Spongy tissue in mango is due to
Fungul disease
Viral disease
Bacterial disease
l. Physiological disorder
The soil moisture conservation technique under covered ground area is called:
Fertigation
m. Mulching
Microjet irrigation
Hydraulic
Bananas main portion which remains above the ground is called as:
Stem
Rhizome
n. Pseudostem
c. Crown
Low temperature helps to growth inhibitors:
Increase
o. Decrease
Store
Produce
Gross Michel is high yielding variety of:
Papaya
Grapes
p. Banana
c. Litchi
Shamber is variety of Grape fruit in which pulp is;
q. Pigmented and seedless
White and seedless
Pigmented but seeded
White and seeded
The foster is variety of :
Mandarin
Sweet orange
Pummelos
r. Grape fruit
The non-climacteric fruit is
Banana
Mango
Apple
Citrus
Bunchy top disease in banana is said to be due to:
Virus
Insects
improper storage
fungus
347 Severe pruning in grapes is recommended:
Every year
After two year
After three year
None of them
King of temperate fruit is:
Mango
Citrus
Banana
Apple
Reproduction of plants through seeds are also called:
Asexual propagation
Vegetative propagation
w. Sexual propagation
c. Tissue culture
The plants shed their leaves during autumn are called;
Evergreen
x. Deciduous
Hardy plants
Non of them
Ripened ovary is called as:
Flower
Seed
y. Fruit
c. Embryo
Pollination between two such flowers situated on the same plant is known
Autogamy
z. Allogamy
Cross pollinated
None of these
A good example of dioecious plant is
Apricot
Pear
Plum
Papaya
Sensation is the variety of:
Sweet orange
Grape fruit
Mandarin
Mango
Tomato nursery established during September could be transplanted in the field during
:
October
November
November/December
January/February
The variety originated from a cross of King X Willow leaf is:
Clementine
Fair child
Feutrell’s early
Kinnow
Causes of misshapen and angularity in cucumber fruit under tunnel is due to
Poor pollination
Poor fertilization
Proper pollination
None
In citrus 80-90% of the active roots are present in the soil to a depth of:
25 cm
50 cm
75 cm
100 cm
Fleshy fruit with thin skin, not formed from the ovary but from another part of the
plant is known as:Berry
Drupe
Stone fruit
Pome
The fruits which do not naturally open to shed seed are known as:
Dehiscent fruit
Fleshy fruit
Dry fruit
Indehiscent fruit
The example of above ground modified stem is
stolons
Corms
Tuber
Rhizome
Edges of the leaf are called
g. Margin
Midrib
Veins
Petiole
In citrus, 2n chromosome number is
18
22
33
20
Botanical name of sweet orange is
C. citrii
C. chinensis
h. C. sinensis
c. Non of them
Sweet orange requires
Dry and semi arid conditions
i. Dry and sub humid conditions
Wet and sub humid conditions
b. Non of these
Zinc deficiency is sweet orange causes
Chlorosis in fruit
j. Chlorosis in leaves
Streaks on leaves
sweetness of fruit.
Antagonistic effect of Fe on Zn availability in sweet orange causes:
Leaf drop
Fruit drop
Reduce fruit weigh
Zn deficiency
Blooming in mango occurs:
February to Mid April
January to first week of February
September-October
May – June
The whole inflorescence in mango is called as
Spike
m. Panicle
Spath
Non of these
High seed germination in cucumber occurs under temperature range of:
n. 20-25°Ca. 25-30°C
b. 15-25°C
c. None of above
Maximum number of flowers in mango are borne on
August flush
June flush
May flush
o. April flesh
The fruit of mango is
False fruit
Pome fruit
p. Drupe fruit
c. Stone fruit
Inarching is also called as
cutting
Budding
q. approach grafting
c. non of these
Anthracnose of mango is:
r. Fungal disease
Viral disease
Physiological disorder
Non of these
One year old branch of plant is
sprigs
Mature branch
s. twigs
c. Non of these
Guava is grown on large scale in
Quatta
Multan area
t. Sheikhupura area
c. Bahal pur area
All commercial date palm orchards in Pakistan are pollinated by
Insects
Winds
Natural
u. Manual
Umran No. 9 and 13 are the varieties of
Loquat
Grapes
Banana
Ber
Flower bearing in ber occurs during
Spring
Winter
Summer
Autumn
East Malling is a root stock for
Apple
Loquat
Musambi
Pine apple
Low chilling verities of apple
Tropical Beauty
Enna
Non of these
All of these
Stooling is also called as
Sexual propagatiobn
Cutting
Gooti layering
e. Mound layering
Good soil management ensures
Good supply of organic matter
Prevent the soil erosion
Preserves moisture
All of the these
Apple require relatively
High K and low P
High P and low K
Equal K and P
No K and P
Full grown apple tree requires
No FYM
Very low FYM
40-50 Kg FYM
h. 80-100Kg FYM
Irrigation during blooming in apple
Help to increase the fruit set
i. Harm full to fruit set
Shows no response
Reduce the fruit development
Cross pollinated in apple generally produce
Bad results than self pollinated
j. Better results than self pollinated
Same results as self pollinated
Non of these
In sweet orange pre-harvest fruit drop is
Seldom experienced
Never experienced
common experienced
Problems of the area
The sweet orange is a
Loose skinned
Tight skinned
Both of them
Non of these
Sweet orange belongs to the family
Malvaceae
Rotaceae
Rutaceae
Chenopodiaceae
Citrus reticulat Blanco is the botanical name for
Sour lime
Mandarin
Both of a and b
None of these
Tap roots of plants are also called as
Secondary roots
Adventitious roots
e. Primary roots
c. Tertiary roots
The parts of stem from which a leaf arises is called
f. Node
Internodes
Apex
Bud
The plants which live for only a single season are called
Herbs
Perennials
Biennials
Annuals
Plants, soft and green, and can be easily bent is known
Herbaceous
Woody
Shrubs
Non of these
The bud which develop into the axils of a leaf is
i. Axillary buds
Terminal buds
Adventitious buds
Naked buds
In some plants the buds contain both leaves and flowers and known as
Leaf buds
Flower buds
Scaly buds
Mixed buds
A slender trailing stem taking roots at the node is
Runner
Rhizome
Tuber
Bulbs
The stamens are the male organs of flower which are also called
Pistil
Gynoecium
l. Androecium
c. Carpel
Special leaf which bears a flower or cluster of flowers in its axils is called
m. Bracts
Compound leaf
Simple leaf
Non of these
The terminal part of the pedicel bearing the sepals, petals, stamens and carpals is called
Pedicel
Inflorescence
n. Thalamus
c. Non of these
Peduncle is a main axis of the
leaf
Flower
o. Inflorescence
c. Bud
An inflorescence in which the pedicels of the flowers arises from the same points as
calledp. Umbel
Spike
Catkin
Uninate
A group of flowers on an axis is called
q. Solitary axillary flower
Solitary terminal flower
Inflorescence
Modified flower
The nutritive tissue around the embryo in seed is
Endosmosis
Endodermis
r. Endosperm
c. Embryo-sac
Bracts situated out side the calyx in certain flowers are called
s. Epicalyx
Epibasal
Epicarp
Epidermis
The germination of seed in which cotyledons come above ground is
t. Epigeal
Hypogeal
Epigynous
Epipetalous
A sexual cell in plants is called
Gamete
Gametophyte
Gamopetalous
Gamosepalous
A flower which has all the usual parts sepals, petals, stamens and carpel is called
hermaphrodite
Complete
Pistilate
Incomplete
The situation in which a plant grows wild is called
Habitat
Halophytes
Helicoids
Haustorium’s
Proteins are most complex organic compounds, containing
Carbon
Hydrogen
oxygen and nitrogen
e. All of these
Pine apple is a source of
Vitamin C
Vitamin A
Vitamin B
f. All of these
Papaya is still being commercially propagated from
Cutting
Suckers
g. Seeds
c. Grafting
For good pollination in papaya orchard it is necessary that male plants should be
h. 5-10%a. 40-45%
b. 50-55%
c. 70-75%
415: Silver Oak belongs to family:
Rosaceae
Palmae
Oleaceae
i. Proteaceae
416: Pollination in tomatoes under tunnel production is carried out by:
Honey bees
Bumble bees
House flies
j. Vibration
417: Dwarfing rootstock for apple in heavy soils is:
a. M-7
k. M-9
M-11
Crab apple
418: Rate of ethylene production in citrus is comparatively than in mango.
a. Higher
l. Lower
Equal
Unknown
419: Lemons are usually degreened at:
6°C
16°C
26°C
30°C
420: Postharvest fungicidal treatment of mango fruit is done with:
m. Thiobendazole (TBZ)
Ethylene Dibromide (EDB)
Above both
None of above
421: variety of apple is reported to perform well at lower altitudes.
n. Enna
Amri
Diana
Golden Delicious
422: Dhaki variety of date palm was originated in:
a. Sindh
o. NWFP
Balochistan
Punjab
423: Which of the following vegetable crop is a relative of cotton:
a. Onion
p. Okra
Mustard
Brinjal
424: In pineapple sweet orange, fruit drop in month of June is upto:
a. | 66% |
b. | 76% |
c. | 86% |
q. | 96% |
425: Hodgson divided genus citrus into:
16 species
26 species
r. 36 species
c. More than 36 species
426: In Pakistan, yield of potato range between :
10-15 ton
15-20 ton
s. 20–25 ton
c. 25-30 ton
427: Motia (ornamental) belongs to family:
t. Oleacecae
Moraceae
Rosaceae
Nyctaginaceae
428: Rubber plant (ornamental) belongs to family:
a. Oleacecae
Moraceae
Rosaceae
Nyctaginaceae
429: Bougainvillea (ornamental) belongs to family:
Oleacecae
Moraceae
Rosaceae
Nyctaginaceae
430: Germination percentage in sour orange rootstock is:
a. 50-60%
a. 61-70%
b. 71-80%
c. 81-90%
431: In Kinnow mandarin, fruit drop in month of June is upto:
a. | 70% |
w. | 75% |
b. | 80% |
c. | 85% |
432: Following species of citrus can be propagated through cutting.
Sweet orange
x. Sweet lime
Kaghzi lime
Non of above
433: Following species of citrus can be propagated through layering.
Sweet orange
Sweet lime
y. Kaghzi lime
c. None of above
434: In Punjab, most of the fresh vegetable production is carried out:
Near cities
Near rivers
Near canals
All of above
435: Which of the following crop has high sulphur contents:
a. Garlic
e. Onion
Radish
None
436: During propagation through cuttings, which hormone(s) is/are used for root
promotion?
a. ABA
f. Seradix
NAA
All above
437: Araucaria was originated from:
g. South Pacific
South Asia
Far East
Middle East
438: Rubber plant can be propagated through:
Aerial layering
Cutting
h. All above
c. None of above
439: Silver Oak produces seeds after age of:
a. 1 year
5 years
10 years
b. 15 years
440: Which of the following plants are used for the extraction of scent?
Rose
Murva
Citrus
All of above
441: The first ever auxin discovered was:
IBA
IPA
e. IAA
c. None of above
442: Mowing of grasses in winter is recommended after:
20-30 days
30-40 days
40-50 days
f. Both ‘b’ and ‘c’
443: Major types of greenhouse are
Even span
Lean to
g. Odd span
c. a & b
444: At the time of transplanting, weight of date palm sucker should be:
a. 5-10 kg
h. 10–20 kgb. 20-30 kg
c. Less than 5 kg
445: Following plant(s) is/are propagated through seed.
Murva
Bottle palm
None of above
i. All above
446: Citrus seeds can be stored with Charcoal at following temperature in dry
conditions.
a. 0-3°C
j. 3-10°C
b. 10-15°C
c. Above 15°C
447: Seed germination percentage of rough lemon is:
a. 50-60%
k. 60–70%
b. 70-80%
c. 80-90%
448: Most serious insect/pest(s) of apple is/are:
l. Codling moth
Fruit fly
All above
None of above
449: Postharvest fumigation of citrus used to be done with:
a. Thiobendazole (TBZ)
m. Ethylene Dibromide (EDB)
Above both
None of above
450: Soil compaction yield of potato.
a. Increases
n. Decreases
Does not effect
Unknown
451: Cost benefit ratio in potato production should range:
a. 1:5
b. 1:10
c. 10:1
Both ‘a’ and ‘b’
452: “Thalsa” is a variety of potato very suitable for the region of:
Peshawar
Tandojam
Mir Pur Khas
Sahiwal
453: Yield of carrot is maximum at pH:
q. 6.5
a. 7.5
b. 8.5
c. Below 6.5
454: Temperate varieties of carrot have life cycle.
a. Annual
r. Biennial
Perennial
Unknown
455: Which of the following vegetable is also called as ‘poor man’s food’?
a. Carrot
s. Onion
Redish
Potato
456: Which of the following factor(s) is/are more suitable for good onion production?
High temperature
Long photoperiod
None of above
All above
457: Green potato tuber is inedible due to:
Carcinogenic
Hardness
Hollowness
None of above
458: CRD is a statistical approach for:
a. Field experiment
Laboratory experiment
a & b
None
459: Soft nose is a disorder of:
Date fruit
Citrus fruit
w. Mango fruit
c. Apple fruit
460: Guava seed before germination requires:
Fungicide treatment
Chemical treatment
x. Commercial grade H2SO4 treatment
c. All of above
461: Fruit splitting in pomegranate and litchi is due mainly to:
Water pressure
Dry ness of air
Nutritional defects
All of above
462: Production of vegetable out of their normal season of outdoor production is known as:
Vegetable forcing
Out of season
Crop production
Tissue culture
463: Yellow wasp is a major pest of:
aa. Grape fruit
Peach fruit
Citrus fruit
Mango fruit
464: The only pest of date fruit at green hard stage is:
Nightangale
bb. ParrotSparrow
All of above
465: Study which deals with the microscopic structure of tissue is called:
Anatomy
cc. HistologyTaxonomy
Ecology
466: Study of plant species in relation to its environmental history is called:
dd. Phylogeny
Histology
Ontogeny
None of these
467: Elevation of temperate region from sea level ranges:
a. 1000-2000 m
b. 2500-3000 m
c. 3500-4000 m
b & c
468: Banana belongs to type of fruit, in which the edible portion is:
Mesocarp
Syconus
ee. BerryDrupe
469: Almond is a drupe fruit, in which the edible portion is:
Pericarp
Thalmus
ff. SeedMesocarp
470: Frond length of cultivated date ranges:
3-5 m
3-4 m
2-3 m
1-2 m
471: The most important characteristics of tropical region are:
Snowfall
Frost
Winds
High temperature
Addition of hastens the time of fruit bud differentiation in fruit plants:
Nitrites
Nitrides
e. Nitrates
c. All of these
More harmones are accumulated in plants due to accumulation of :
Nitrate
Starch
Protein
Vitamins
Reproductive phase of fruit plants is improved by the accumulation of :
Nitrogen
e. Starch
Proteins
Cellulose
Pruning in old fruit trees increases fruit bud formation by increasing :
Carbohydrates
f. New vegetative growth
Hormonal contents
Cell sap
At a temperature slightly above optimum, carbohydrates are :
Produced
Stored
g. Utilized
a. Increased
Apical bud becomes in mango at fruit bud differentiation :
Flattened
Rounded
h. Dome shaped
a. Elongated
The phase of fruit bud formation continues until :
i. Anthesis
Petal formation
Pollination
Differentiation
The development of flower bud in tuberose is :
Basipetal
Exipetal
Endopetal
j. Acropetal
Rate of bud development is upto winter season :
Slow
k. Rapid
Medium
Constant
Dormancy is a function of interaction of growth promoter like GA and growth inhibitor
like :l. ABA
Cycocell
Alar
Paclobutrazole
Dormancy of seed is a biological mechanisms that provides protection against :
Seed spoilage
Embryo abortion
m. Pre mature germination
c. Dehydration
The major metabolic process which takes place in the harvested produce is :
Ripening
n. Respiration
Softening
Senescence
At fruit bud differentiation in mango, C/N ratio is :
Low
Medium
o. High
c. Very High
Annual bearing apples differentiate much greater proportion of their flowers on
:
Spurs
p. Shoots
Leaf axils
Main stem
Self fertility refers to the ability of a variety to produce fruits with viable :
Pollens
q. Seeds
Ovules
Ovaries
Flowers having stigma below the highest anthers are called :
r. Apistigmatic
Hypostigmatic
Peristigmatic
Exostimgatic
Failure of a viable pollen to grow down the style of the flower of the same variety is
called :Self sterility
s. Self incompatibility
Self unfruitfulness
Sterility
Piping is carried out in
Chrysanthemum
Rose
Gladiolus
t. Carnation
Chlorophyll formation takes place within a light wavelength of :
a. 150-200
b. 200-300
u. 300–675
c. 700-900
Root formation is promoted in softwood cuttings under light intensity of
foot candles:a. 100-150
v. 150–200
b. 200-250
c. 250-350
Fruiting body of roses is called:
Button
w. Hips
Slip
None of above
Apple and pear form their flowers buds in :
May-June
x. July–August
September-October
November-December
Volatile oil are those oil which can evaporate at :
y. 25°C
40°C
50°C
65°C
The renewal of NO3 involves release of from organic fraction of the soil
and its rapid nitrification:NO2
z. NH4
N
NO
Most of Nitrogen is used in the decomposition of and thus plant shows
deficiency symptoms :Amino acids
Cellulose
Carbon compounds
Organic matter
Toxicity of Mg can be modified by adding :
N
PO4
Ca
K2O
Injurious effects of sulphates can be replaced with the addition of :
Nitrates
Phosphates
Ammonia
Ca & Mg
Internal browning in apples takes place due to :
Fungus
e. High temperature
Hail storm
Bacteria
Onion seeds can germinate at a temperature of :
a. 0-1°C
b. 1-5°C
c. 5-11°C
d. 15-20°C
Dead heading is the removal of
Dead branches
Dead roots
Faded flowers
b. Shriveled leaves
Hygrometer is used to measure
Pressure
h. Humidity
Wind speed
Solar radiation
Pinching out is the removal of
Growing point of root
Opening flower buds
i. Growing point of buds
Removal of seeds
A thread-like stem or leaf which clings to any support, is known as
Climber
j. Tendril
Sucker
Creeper
A plant which is able to live under very dry conditions is called
k. Xerophyte
Hallophyte
Mesophyte
None of above
Removal of young flower buds to allow maximum development of the remainder is
termed as:Die back
l. Disbudding
Dead heading
None of these
Small, hair like outgrowth at the base of leaf stalk is termed as:
Bud
Bract
m. Stipule
c. Ligule
Pruning in narrow leave evergreens should be done during:
Early fall
Winter
Summer
Early spring
Which of the following plants require severe pruning?
Lagerstromea purporea
Nerium odorum
Jasminum sambac
Thuja orientalis
Which of the following climbers is important for its hardiness and flowers throughout
year?Vitis vinifera
p. Bongainvillea glabra
Tecoma grandiflora
Quisqalis indica
Which of the following shrubs bears yellow flowers?
Jasminum sambac
Tabernamontana divertica
q. Thevetia nerifolia
c. Hibiscus Rosa sinensis
Which of the following grounds cover is highly salt tolerant?
Vinca rosea
r. Bermuda grass
Musembreanthemum
Alternanthra
Which of the following shrubs is used as fruit beauty?
Cassia glauca
Nerium odorum
s. Citrus mitis
c. Hibiscus rosa sinensis
Which of following trees has stem beauty?
Eucalyptus
Sterculia
Royal palm
All of above
English Ivy (Hedera helix) is
Evergreen ground cover
Evergreen shrub
Diciduous shrub
deciduous ground cover
Jaccaranda mimosifolia has
Red flowers
Yellow flowers
White flowers
Purple flowers
Which of the following is an evergreen shrub?
Lagerstromia indica
w. Pittosporum tobira
Caesalpenia pulchrema
None of the above
Lawn grasses can be established by:
Seeding
Sodding
Plugging
x. All of the above
Tifdwarf is a:
Weed
Shrub
y. Turfgrass
c. None of these
Gladiolus is propagated through:
Bulbs
z. Corms
Tubers
Rhizomes
Rose budded at 3 ½ feet height is called
Miniature rose
Standard rose
Half standard rose
Climbing rose
Most house plants, except cacti, prefer a highly organic and
Neutral growing medium
Alkaline growing medium
e. Acidic growing medium
a. None of above
Ficus pimula is a
Shrub
Tree
f. Creeper
a. Annual
Which of the following tree is commonly used in the landscape of arid zone?
Ficus benjamina
Pethocelobium dulce
Pinus longifolia
g. Prosopis juliflora
Which of the following shrubs has white fragrant flowers?
Tabernaemontana divertica
h. Gardenia florida
Thevitia nerifolia
Lantana comara
Commercial flower crops are sometimes watered to cause leaching. This means:
Watering to spread fertilizer nutrients more evenly throughout the plant root system
i. Watering to remove excess soluble salts from the growing medium
Watering only to wet the top 1/3 of the growing medium
Watering by subsurface methods
Most grass species utilized for turf are characterized by:
Prostrate creeping
Fine to medium texture
Short basal nodes
j. All of above
Which of the following trees change foliage colour during winter?
Albizzia lebbek
Delonix regia
k. Sapium sebeferum
c. Thuja orientalis
Which of the following plants is known as dessert saroo?
Populus nigra
Bahinia varigata
Sapium seveferum
l. Casuarina equistifolia
Which of the following climber belongs to family oleaceae?
Tecoma grandiflora
Lonicera japonica
Bougainvillea glabra
m. Jasminum grandiflora
Tecoma stans is a
n. Shrub
Tree
Creeper
None of above
Light intensity is expressed as:
o. Foot–candles
Micrometers
Candlelights
All of the above
The purpose of staking is to
Protect the trunk
Prevent root damage due to wind action
p. Prevent wind injury to branches
c. Prevent damage due to frost.
Japanese style of floral arrangement is known as:
Ikenobo
Yen
q. Ikebana
c. Ying
Dacca is a selected variety of:
Herb
Shrub
r. Turfgrass
c. None of these
Growing medium kept too wet will deprive the plant:
Soluble salts
Water
s. Oxygen
c. Fertilizer
The interrelationship of size with floral arrangement to its surroundings is:
Harmony
Rhythm
t. Scale
c. Balance
A climbing plant with woody stem is called
Vine
Liana
Hedge
All of the above
Hard, thorny structures which protect the buds of woody plants during winter, are
termed as:Nodes
Scales
Bracts
None of all
A common example of incomplete flower is:
Apetalous flower
Staminate flower
Pistillate flower
w. All of the above
To preserve the germination ability of most seeds, store them in a:
Warm, dry environment
x. Cool, dry environment
Cool environment after scarification
Warm, moist environment after stratification
The soil pH level primarily controls:
Soil temperature
Activity of soil-borne diseases
Moisture absorption by roots
y. Availability of essential plant nutrients
Which of the following is a shade-loving flower?
Marigold
Snapdragon
Chrysanthemum
z. Impatiens
Plants which flower on the previous season growth:
Should be pruned after flowering.
Does not need to be pruned
Should be pruned in the dormant stage.
Should be cut back heavily in late summer.
The most common summer cooling system in greenhouses is:
Package evaporative coolers
Fan-tube cooling system
Fog evaporative cooling
Fan-and-pad evaporative cooling
All of the following are bulbous and tuberous-rooted plants except:
Dahlias
Dutch iris
Caladiums
Snapdragons
involves incorporating water soluble fertilizer into the irrigation
systems of greenhouse and nursery crops.Broadcasting
Fertilization
e. Fertigation
c. Perforation
Which of the tree bears red colour flowers?
f. Erythrena subrosa
Albizia lebbek
Sapium sebiferum
Thuja orientalus
Which of the plant is evergreen?
Papulus nigra
Bohinia verigata
Euclyptus rostrata
g. None of the above
Lack of early spring flowering from tulip bulbs planted outdoors is due to:
Bright sunlight
h. Lack of winter cooling
Excessive moisture
Magnesium and calcium deficiencies
551. | A leaf with | parallel venation: |
a. | Has leaflets | |
a. | Is a monocot | |
b. | Has crossing veins | |
c. | Is a compound leaf |
When making hand-tied bouquets, the stems should be positioned:
Parallel to each other
Perpendicular to each other
Any way that looks nice and holds together
i. In a spiraling manner
Which of the following is not a method for sterilizing plant growing medium?
Steaming
Baking
Using chemical fumigants
j. Keeping the growing medium moist for 6 to 7 days
Which of the following is not among the major principles of design?
Balance
Scale
Emphasis
k. Price
The showy red, pink, or white portion of the poinsettia are:
Flowers
l. Bracts
Petals
Sepals
A technique to produce well branched, compact plants with many flowers is:
Stunting
Compacting
m. Pinching
c. Potting
Which of the following is a member of the Dianthus family?
Chrysanthemum
Phlox
Sedum
n. Carnation
Which of the shrub bears red colour flowers
Atriplex halimus
Tecoma stans
o. Jatropha metrifeda
c. Jasminum sambac
The acceleration of flowering by manipulating environmental conditions is known as:
Pulsing
p. Forcing
Leaching
After-ripening
Which shrub has white colour flowers with fragrance
Tabernaemontana divertice
Hibiscus rosa chinensis
Thevetia merifolia
q. Jasminum sambac
561. Peat is often mixed into the growing medium of container plants because it:
Is inexpensive
r. Has good air and water holding capacities
Has a high pH
Absorbs excessive soluble salts
The two most practical means of the home owner to control insects and diseases are:
Mechanical and chemical
s. Mechanical and biological
Chemical and biological
Biological and natural
In temperate climates, pruning should not be done near the end of the summer because:
t. New growth will not harden before winter
It may increase foliage disease
Plants will not recover in time to produce new growth before winter
Sever “bleeding” from the cuts will kill the plant
A plant hardy in tropical zone will also be hardy in zone:
Temperate
Subtropical
Arid
Semi-arid
A person who designs, establishes, and maintains small scale landscape project, is:
The garden superintendent
The landscape nurseryman
The garden center manager
c. The landscape architect
During dry periods, landscape plants should be:
w. Watered lightly every day
Watered heavily once each 7-10 days
Watered and fertilized heavily each week
Watered only after darkness
Both asphalt and concrete are used for hard surfacing driveways. Which of the
following is true for asphalt?The thickness of an asphalt needed for a driveway is less than the thickness of concrete
needed for a driveway.Asphalt should be pitched to promote drainage
x. Asphalt does not need a porous base material
c. Asphalt is crowned to promote drainage
Pinus halipensis is very healthy growing in:
Tropical zone
Subtropical zone
y. All of the above zones
c. None of the above zones
569. The design principle of total compatibility of all parts of an arrangement with each
other is:
Transition
Texture
Harmony
Proportion
570. | For | optimum vase life, most cut flowers should be stored at temperatures close to: |
e. | 40 ºF | |
a. | 45 ºF | |
b. | 30 ºF | |
c. | 50 ºF |
571. Which of the following statements is true.
Perennials are used for one season.
f. Perennials are good plants for the garden with low maintenance cost.
Perennials are not easy to grow and establish in beds.
Perennials are only for foliage beauty.
572 Which of the following perennials is low and spreading type?
g. Vinca
Gaillardia
Cimicifuga
Coreopsis
573 Which of the following perennials has more varieties?
h. Geranium
Helenium
Verbena
Ghazania
574 Which of the following perennials is hardy and having blue and lavender colour
flowers?
Verbena
Dianthus
Calendula
Alyssum
The major auxin produced in plants is:
Indole-3-butyric acid (IBA)
Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA)
j. Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA)
c. Ethylene
When cells are turgid, they are:
Deflated
Ruptured
Inflated
k. Joined with other cells
577 Which of the following statements is true?
Annual can survive in the sever winter without protection.
l. Annuals usually bloom only once each season.
Annuals are only planted in spring.
Annuals are only used for foliage beauty.
Which of the following statements is true?
Annuals are used as surface material.
Annuals are used as ground covers.
Annuals are used as border plants.
m. Annuals are used all of above purposes.
Which of the following statements is true?
Verbena is used for climbing purpose.
Verbena is used for border purpose.
Verbena is used for hedge purpose.
n. Verbena is used for bedding purpose.
Pansy is very popular annual due to its:
Stem and foliage beauty
Hardiness toward ground cover
Planting under shad.
o. Mix colour flowers bedding plant.
Which of the following annuals is planted as vine?
Salvia
p. Ipomea
Verbena
Marigold
Which of the following annuals is used as ground cover?
q. Musemberanthemum
Stock
Viola
Calendula
Which of the following annuals is used as rock garden?
Cosmos
Clarkia
Dianthus
Morning glory
Which of the following annuals is used as foliage beauty?
Kochia
Phlox
Partulaca
Antirrhinum
585. The average humidity percentage recommended for interior plants is:
a. 70 to 100%
t. 40 to 70%
b. 20 to 30%
c. 10 to 20%86.
586 The bract that encloses a flower cluster is a .
Quill
Spathe
Spike
Petal
Broad-leave evergreens such as Ficus bengalensis and Alstonia schularis should be
fertilized in:
Early spring
Late fall
Late summer
Early summer
A major problem in standard carnation production resulting in asymmetrical flowers
is:Improper fertilization
High-density spacing
Calyx splitting
Lack of pinching
is generally added to water when processing flowers in a retail floral shop.
Herbicide
Insecticide
w. Biocide
c. Algicide
The genus and species name for the ponytail palm is:
x. Beaucarnea recurvata
Moluccella laevis
Brassaia actinophylla
Cordyline terminalis
Training plants into three-dimensional ornamental forms, such as animals, is called:
y. Topiary
Espalier
Heading back
Bonsai
Clay soils require:
z. A longer time for absorption of irrigation water than sandy soils
A shorter time for absorption of irrigation water than sandy soils
About the same time for absorption of irrigation water as sandy soils
More or less time for absorption than sandy soils, depending on the pH of the clay
Plants that have been clipped or pruned into two-dimensional forms are:
Espalier
Topiary
Balanced
Dynamic
A transplanted tree or shrub should be set into the ground:
50 percent deeper than it was originally planted
So that the top roots are exposed to the air
With the top of the container slightly covered
e. At the same depth at which it was originally growing
The main commercial method for propagating African violets is by:
Seeds
Crowns
Tubers
Leaf petioles
Damping-off is caused by:
Fungi
Bacteria
Nematodes
Virus
Which of the following is a group of terms related to landscape design principles?
Stratify, random, curvature
h. Focalization, proportion, simplicity
Hogarth, symmetrical, curvature
Thresh, rounding, complexity
Plants usually do not grow well in poorly drained soils because:
i. Oxygen content is low in poorly drained soils
The organic matter content of poorly drained soils is too high
Poorly drained soils warm too quickly in spring
Plant roots become engorged with water in poorly drained soils
To make the living area of a landscape appear larger, a designer should include plants
that feature:Warm-colored flowers such as reds, oranges, yellows
j. Cool-colored flowers such as blues, purples, lavenders
A combination of warm- and cool-colored flowers
All white flowers
Which of the following turf areas is mowed to the lowest height?
Commercial lawn
Golf fairway
Home lawn
k. Golf green
In plants, is the process of converting stored energy into energy for plant
growth.Transpiration
Photosynthesis
l. Respiration
c. Pollination
A landscape designer uses many in developing the preliminary design for a
project.Perfect plans
m. Bubble diagrams
Site surveys
Problem statements
An example of an organic material is .
Pea gravel
Perlite
n. Leaf mold
c. Vermiculite
The loss of water in the form of vapor from the surface of plant leaves is referred to as:
o. Transpiration
Respiration
Oxidation
Condensation
The basic underlying principle of using a mist propagation system is that it:
Keeps the propagation medium uniformly moist and supplies moisture to the base of the
cuttingsKeeps the plant material cool
Cools the propagation medium to promote root formation and development
Increases humidity around the cutting and reduces transpiration
Low-growing landscape plants should:
Be placed in front of intermediate growing plants
Be placed behind intermediate growing plants
Not be used in the landscape
Be planted under large trees
In a landscape design, properly located plants and structures.
r. Can reduce heat intensity
Need to be constantly pruned and maintained
Block the view of the front door
Are not essential for a good landscape design
A shade loving border plant is:
Marigold
s. Impatiens
Zinnia
Chrysanthemum
A plant that dies to the ground at the end of each growing season but comes back from
the same root stubs year after year is most accurately described as:Perennial
Annual
Biennial
t. Herbaceous perennial
Two basic types of pruning are heading-back and thinning-out. Which of the following
is true about these pruning methods?Thinning cuts leave behind a good portion of the stem and many axillary buds.
Thinning cuts are made close to a main branch or ground and few axillary buds are
left.
Heading cuts usually remove entire branches and leave no buds.
Heading cuts remove a portion of the stem and only terminal buds are left.
Lowering the soil grade around a tree removes many of the tree’s roots.
Tap
Aerial
Feeder
c. Aquatic
Water availability, temperature extremes, and should be considered when
selecting trees for the landscape.Slope
Topography
w. Soil type
c. Buildings present
Lawn sprinkler systems are installed so as to provide even coverage. It is accomplished
by:x. Spacing the heads so that each sprinkler sprays to the next sprinkler
Using sprinkler heads with a square pattern throughout the landscape
Spacing sprinklers based on needs specified in the soil test
Using one size pipe throughout the landscape
Callus is a term usually referring to:
The tissue on the collar of a limb
y. The first tissue develops on a cut surface just before the root formation iniates.
Deformed growth on plant limbs
A disease of plant leaves and limbs
A is a woody perennial that has more than one main trunk.
Tree
Flower
z. Shrub
c. Weed
Mrs. Khan loves spring flowering bulbs. Which of the following would you suggest for
Mrs. Khan to plant?Hyacinthus orientalis
Coleus x hybridus
Lonicera japonica
Gardenia jasminoides
In nursery production, a “liner” refers to .
A plastic bag
e. A rooted cutting or small seedling
A type of garden tool
A plastic mulch covering
Which of the following is a deciduous vine?
f. Tecoma grandiflora
Rosa marshenelle
English ivy
Rosemary
Failure of a bulb to produce a marketable flower following floral initiation is:
Disbudding
g. Flower blasting
Damping off
Dieback
Which of the following is the proper recommendation for pruning trees at planting.
h. Pruning should be limited to shaping the plant by removing dead or damaged limbs
Trees should be cut back to at least one-half their size to prevent stress on root systems
Trees should not be pruned until the third year after planting
Trees should not be pruned at all – the latest trend is to let them develop naturally
The practice of manually watering a container plant until water comes out of the
drainage holes of the container is effective for helping to reduce the buildup of in
the growing medium.Pathogens
Soluble salts
Pesticides
Herbicides
One of the best ways to speed up the rooting process of cuttings is to:
Provide bottom heat
Keep the soil cool and the foliage warm
Harden them off by laying them out to dry a few days before sticking
Always take cuttings after mid-day
An area of the landscape that includes space for such items as a clothes line and garbage
cans is the area.k. Service
Public
Private
Recreational
The landscape design principle of interconnection:
Is a visual break in sequence
Is the human perception of space and form related to human dimension
Is the overall organization and structure of a design
l. Occurs when visual components are physically linked together
A flower is a type of flower often used as a focal point.
Mass
Line
m. Form
c. Spike-type
Growing medium for greenhouse plant production is:
n. A nutritive substance in which seeds germinate and plants grow
Unsterilized soil
Soil which hasn’t been graded for size
The cellular structures that make up wood
The phenomenon of terminal plant growth suppressing lateral growth is termed as:
The apex auxin complex
o. Apical dominance
Lateral dominance
Terminal bud inhibition
Some seeds are produced in the fall and remain on or in the ground until they
germinate in the spring. Exposing seeds to the winter cold and moist soil is nature’s method of.
Scarifying
p. Stratifying
Acidifying
Sporulating
The use of plant materials and landscaping techniques to conserve soil moisture and to
reduce water usage is:q. Xeriscaping
Waterscaping
Natural landscaping
Bogscaping
Which of the following describes plants that lose their leaves during the winter?
Evergreen
r. Deciduous
Coniferous
Herbaceous
Hardiness refers to:
The strength of the wood of a tree
s. The quality of being strong and being able to survive in a certain region
The hardness of the soil in which a plant is being planted
The ability of a plant to grow indoors
Hardening-off is a term used in the nursery/landscape industry to mean:
Allowing herbaceous plants to become woody
Acclimatizing landscape plants to coldframe conditions
Coating plants with a protective plastic-type spray prior to transplanting
t. Acclimatizing tender plants to harsher, outdoor conditions
The removal of lateral flower buds from stems, such as carnations and
chrysanthemums, is called:Soft pinch
Deadheading
Hard pinch
Disbudding
A lawn mower with blades parallel to the surface of the ground is called as:
Reel mower
Rotary mower
De-thathing mower
Electric mower
The turfgrass least tolerant of shade is:
Zoysia grass
Fescue grass
St. Augustine grass
w. Bermudagrass
Which of the following is not an important environmental requirement for germination
to occur?Proper temperature
Oxygen
x. Carbon dioxide
c. Moisture
Light energy, carbon dioxide, and water enter into the process of photosynthesis,
through which:Respiration results
y. Carbohydrates are formed
Chlorophyll is formed
Amino acids are formed
The most common synthetic root-promoting chemicals are:
IBA and AAN
CCA and ACD
ISO and OSB
z. IBA and NAA
What information is not mentioned in the legend on a final landscape plan?
Plant names
Specific notes concerning installation
Plant quantities
Designer’s name
When planting a bare-rooted tree, the tree should be planted:
At 6 inches above the original soil level
At 2 inches above the original soil level
At 6 inches below the original soil level
e. Directly even with the original soil level
A major advantage for producing nursery stock in containers is that it:
Is less expensive than growing in nursery fields
Allows for transplanting any time during the growing season
Requires less water and fertilization than field-grown crops
b. Requires less labor than field-grown crops
A method of fertilizer application is .
Sterilization
Pasteurizing
h. Side dressing
c. Leaching
Brown patch, dollar spot, and gray snow mold are all diseases of:
Azaleas
i. Turfgrasses
Trees
Evergreens
Which plant is a vine?
Ficus benjamina
Pinus thunbergiana
Ilex cornuta
j. Lonicera japonica
Site features to consider when conducting a site survey include:
Topography, client analysis, natural features, and climate
k. Topography, soil conditions, natural features and existing vegetation
Natural features, existing vegetation, soil conditions, and client analysis
Natural features, climate, existing vegetation, and client analysis
Food produced in the leaves moves to other parts of a plant through:
l. Phloem tissues
Xylem tissues
Vein system
Arteries
When installing a landscape, which step (from the following list) should be completed
last?m. Plant the trees and shrubs
Add amendments to the soil
Install the drainage system
Build retaining walls and garden walkways
Examples of cool season grasses include perennial ryegrass, bentgrass, and:
Bermudagrass
n. Fescue
St. Augustine
Zoysia
Magnesium, calcium, and sulfur:
o. Are essential elements needed for plant processes
Are micro-elements
Can be found in incomplete fertilizers
Are only needed by some plants
Functional roles of plants in the landscape do not include:
Screening
Developing the structural framework of the design
Enclosing
Greening up
Which of the following is a major reason for mulching landscape plants?
Increases anti-aerobic activity in the soil
Supplies nutrients
p. Moderates soil temperature and conserves soil moisture
c. Attracts earthworms
A plant that remains vegetative during its first season of growth and flowers in the
second season is a (n):q. Biennial
Annual
Propagule
Perennial
Most landscape plants like the soil pH:
r. Slightly acidic
Strongly acidic
Slightly alkaline
Strongly alkaline
When installing a landscape, which step (from the following list) should be completed
first:Plant the trees and shrubs
Add amendments to the soil
s. Install the drainage system
c. Build retaining walls and garden walkways
Wisteria, clematis, and Japanese honeysuckle are examples of:
Trees
t. Vines
Shrubs
Groundcovers
A flower container which is elevated on a base that may be short or long stemmed, is
known asVase
Bowl
Pedestal
c. Basket
Maximum interior plant deaths result from
Incorrect PH
Too much light
Too much fertilizer
Over watering
In a residential landscape, the area between the house and the street is
Family living area
Public area
service area
private living area
A tool which is used for moving loose materials such as crushed stone. Peat moss etc, is
landscape installation is known as:Ball cart
Hand trowel
Shovel
Scoop
Stabilization of large trees or multi stemmed plants using wires and stakes of Hard
wood or metal is known as:
Guying
Staking
All of the above
None of the above
The angle at which a branch meets the trunk of the tree or another larger branch, is
g. Crotch
Canopy
Lead branch
Water sprout
Limbs are pruned from trees with a technique called
Thinning out
Heading back
h. Jump cutting
c. Pinching
Claw like appendages occurring in pairs at the base of the leaf blade of turfgrasses is:
Awn
Bract
Stipule
i. Auricle
Combination of two or more cultivars of a single turf grass species is known as:
Ball role
j. Blend
Bench setting
Artificial turf
Dry, indehiscent, one seeded fruit with a thin pericarp fused to seed coat is known as:
Achene
Pomes
Caryopsis
None of these
Pollination and fertilization within closed florets is:
Polygamy
e. Cleistogamy
Allogamy
Autogamy
Stem of a grass plant is
Stalk
Cane
f. Culm
a. None of the above
In turf grasses, a pair of bracts usually present at the base of a spikelet is known as
g. Glumes
Auricles
Awns
None of the above
is the axis of a spike or raceme
Panicle
Peduncle
h. Rachis
a. Thalamus
In turfgrasses, after mowing, a layer of above ground, green, living grass part is:
Wear
Verdure
Clipping
None of the above
Kentucky blue grass is a
Cool season grass
Warm season grass
A and B both
None of the above
Bahia grass is a
Cool season grass
k. Warm season grass
A and B both
None of the above
Best planting time of turf grasses is
May-June
July-Aug
Sep-Oct
Nov-Dec
Rose is a
Short day plant
Long day plant
e. Day–neutral plant
a. None of the above
675. When designing an asymmetrical floral arrangement, the floral designer must consider
which of the following design principles:
Proportion
Balance
Focal point
f. All of the above
Elements of landscape design are:
Balance & Emphasis
Rhythm & Harmony
All of the above
g. None of The above
Principles of landscape design are:
Colour & Form
Texture & Colour
All of the above
None of these
Art of shaping plants into geometric shapes is known as:
Ehabana
Bonseia
Topiary
Pot pourri
First mowing of a newly established lawn is preferably done by:
Sickle
Mower
Scissor
None of these
is a common example of monsoon annual grown in Pakistan :
Dallia
Zinnia
e. Cock’s comb
c. Pansy
Morning glory is:
f. Annual
Perenial
Tree
Shrub
Candytuft is botanically called:
Helipterum roseum
g. Iberis amara
Bellis perenne
Tropaeolum inajus
Chrysanthemum is a:
h. Short day plant
Long day plant
Day-nentral plant
None of these
684 is a best annual flower used for drying:
Gaillardia
Nasturtium
i. Helichryrum
Balsam
685 | Iris | is a member of family: |
a. | Violaceae | |
b. | Liliaceae | |
j. | Iridaceae | |
c. | Compositae |
686- Hybrid tea roses are developed by crossing:
k. Hybrid perpetual & Tea rose
Floribunda & Tea rose
Tea rose & Polyontha rose
Tea rose & Grandiflora rose
687- Roses which flower only once during summer are:
Floribunda roses
Climbing roses
l. Ramblers
c. Miniature roses
688 Iceberg bears flowers:
Yellow
Red
Pink
m. White
Kardinal belongs to:
Floribunda
Miniature
n. Hybrid tea
c. Grandiflora
The emission of water vapor from the surface of plant leaves is called:
Fixation
Photosynthesis
Nitrification
o. Transpiration
Eranthemum is a:
Tree
p. Shrub
Creeper
Annual
A common example of fragrant shrub is:
Chandni
Jatropha
Kaner
q. Murva
Nerium odorum bears flowers of:
White colour
Pink colour
Red colour
r. All of above
Optimum day time temperature range for best growth of house plants is:
a. 6-12
b. 12-18
s. 18–24
c. 24-30
To properly water indoor plants, consider:
The type of plant
The size of the plant
Where the plant is growing
t. All of the above
Croton is a:
Tree
Shrub
House plant
c. Annual
Araucaria is a plant:
Tropical
Sub-tropical
Temperate
c. All of above
698 A piece of broken pot which is used at the base of pot to help drainage is know as:
Crown
Cristate
w. Crock
c. Bulbil
Crocus is propagated through:
Bulbs
x. Corms
Rhizomes
Seeds
A leaf of fern or palm is
Simple leaf
Pinna
y. Frond
c. Compound leaf
701 Smooth and hairless plant surface is known as:
b. Glaucous
z. Glabrous
Gloclind
None of these
Temporary removal of a plant from its pot in order to check the condition of the root
ball, is known as:Over potting
Repotting
Knocking out
All of above
Milky sap which exudes from cut surfaces of a few house plants is:
Honey dew
e. Latex
Glochid
Heel
A plant growth in a pot which is too small to allow proper plant growth is known as:
f. Pot–bound
Potting on
Over- potting
Knocking out
Small bulb produced on the stem of a bulbous plants, is known as:
Bulblet
g. Bulbil
A & B both
None of above
A small offset produced at the base of a corm, is:
Cormel
Cormlet
h. A & B both
c. None of above
707 Narcissus has a cup- like centre in its flowers, known as:
Corolla
Cross
Crock
Corona
A feathered petal which bears a distinct central band is:
Flamed
Flaked
Floret
Filament
is the tip of the bulb:
Node
Month
k. Nose
c. Hirsute
The stalk of an inflorescence is known as:
Pedicel
l. Peduncle
Perianth
Petiole
A whorl of leaves arising at the base of plants is:
Scales
Reflexed
m. Rosette
c. None of these.
A fleshy spike in which small flowers are embedded, is:
Spathe
n. Spadix
Spike
Pedunel
is a common shrub which is used as hedge in Pakistan:
o. Duranta
Motia
Chandna
All of the above
A flower- head or tightly packed inflorescence, is
Trumpet
Tepal
p. Truss
c. Tunic
A dry and often papery covering of corms & some bulbs, is known as:
Trumpet
Plunging
Fall
q. Tunic
716. | An | instrument that measures the electrical conductivity of a soil solution is called a: |
a. | Manometer | |
b. | Tensiometer | |
c. | Photometer | |
r. | Solubridge |
717. Rose is severely pruned during:
Spring ( Feb- Mar )
Autumn ( Sep- Oct )
s. Winter ( Dec– Jan )
c. Summer ( May- June )
Rose hips are rich source of:
Vitamin A
Vitamin B
t. Vitamin C
c. All of the above
Balled and Bur lapped evergreens may be moved at any time of year except when
New shoots are growing
They are dormant
The soil is frozen
The soil is too wet
Which of the following are not annual plants?
Asparagus
Petunia
Margold
Geranium
Which of the following annuals are best used for edging
Poppy
Stock
w. Sweet alyssum
c. Sun flower
Which of the following are good choices as specimen plants in a landscape:
Magnolia
Alstonia
x. Gold mohr
c. Bougainvillea
The most common mistake in mowing cool season grasses is to
y. Mow them too short
Mow too often
Use a dull mower blade
d. Mow them too high
The name of the person who developed the binomial system for naming plants is
z. Linneus
Socrates
Plato
Hortus
When used to describe a plant, the word deciduous means that
The plant is perennial
The plant sheds its leaves each year
The plant is a shrub
All of the above
Flowers which are grown from bulbs include
Zinnia
Tulip
Marigolds
All of the above
Xeriscaping is a landscaping process which requires:
No water in the landscape
Draining water from landscape area
e. Water conserving
c. Arid landscaping
Mulching can reduce water loss by:
a. 50%
f. 90%
b. 35%
c. 25%
can be effectively used as windbreak:
g. Moulsary
Ulta Ashok
Bottle brush
All of the above
Sprigging is:
Cutting grass to kept it short
Sowing a lawn
Chopping up a lawn to provide better drainage
h. Planting individual plants, runners, or stolons to establish a lawn
Grass seed should be carefully covered with soil to a depth of
0.5 cm
1 cm
1.5 cm
2.5 cm
The best way to control weeds from lawn is to develop:
A good healthy thick turf
A combination of pre emergence and post mergence weed killer
A weed killer/fertilizer
None of the above
Rolling the lawn each year may be necessary to
Level the lawn
Push grass roots into close contact with soil
Provide a firm surface for mowing
k. All of the above
The common name for diffenbachia is
Umbrella tree
Bougainvillea
Snake plant
l. Dumb cane
The genus name for croton
Sanservieria
Ficus
m. Codiaeium
c. Araucaria
When indoor plants are over watered:
They drop their leaves
They die
n. Their leaves turn yellow
c. All of the above
The night temperature of indoor plants should be ºF cooler than day time
temperaturea.
5-10
b.
3-4
c.
20-30
o.
10-15
Charcoal is used in a terrarium for its
Color
Drainage material
Drainage ability
p. None of the above
The use of high nitrogen fertilizers in terrarium soil results in the release of
Moisture
q. Ammonia gas
New plants
None of the above
Plants tend to grow towards light sources. It is known as
Photosynthesis
The rain cycle
Transpiration
r. Phototropism
Moisture is lost through small openings on the underside of the leaves known as:
Air holes
Stems
s. Stomata
c. None of the above
The larger, center most of the plants used in bonsai is cut off:
To dwarf the plant
t. To cause root branching
To make root system shallow
To simplify root pruning job
Site of attraction that holds attention of viewer in a landscape is called;
Balance
Proportion
Focal point
c. Rythum
Most famous fragrant plant in summer is;
Jasminum sambac
Althcea rosea
Tabernamontana divertica
All of the above
Lilium longiflorum, an important holiday potted plant, is commonly known as:
Kalanchoe
Poinsettia
w. Easter Lily
c. Hydrangea
Pansy is very popular winter annual for its
Stem and foliage beauty
Planting under shade
Hardiness towards ground cover
x. Mixed coloured flower bedding plant
Use of a pipe covered by a rope for providing support to some indoor plants like
Scindapsus, is termed as:Terrarium
y. Totem
Topiary
None of the above
An open frame work, designed to offer shady resting place is called;
Cold frame
z. Arbor
Pergola
Deck
A line of demarcation that creates visual interest in a landscape by separating one
segment from another is calledEdging
Border
Fencing
Line
In landscape shape of tree is called
Shape
e. Form
Structure
Texture
Water gardening is also called,
f. Equascape
Hardscape
Nightscape
Alpine gardening
Landscape, in which rocks and grasses are used instead of flowers is called
Rock gardening
g. Japanese gardening
Water gardening
None of the above
Which of the statement is true?
Verbena is used as climber
Verbena is used for border
Verbena is used as hedge plant
Verbena is used as bedding plant
Which of the plant is used for is foliage beauty?
h. Kochia
Phlox
Partulaca
Antirrhinum
Which annual flower is used ground cover?
Viola
Stock
Calendula
i. Musemberanthemum
Which of the statement is true?
Lawns should always be mowed in the same direction
Plants are best wintered without water in them
Cylinder mowers give thorough mowing because of air vacuum system
Warm season grasses usually respond better to close mowing.
An example of a specialty cut flower used in a floral arrangement is a(n):
Rose
Carnation
j. Orchid
c. Pompom Chrysanthemum
Which of the following plant require very light pruning?
k. Nerium Odorum
Rhododendron
Lawsonia alba
Punica grantum
Which tree bears fragrant flowers?
Albezia lebbeck
Pinus roxburghii
Papulus elegni
l. None of the above
Which following creeper bears white flowers?
Ipomea
m. Plumbago
Clerodendron
Tecoma
Pinus roxburghii is very healthy growing in;
Tropical zone
Subtropical zone
All of the above zones
n. None of the above zones
Low-lying plant that covers some area in the landscape is called;
Shrub
o. Ground cover
Bedding plant
Perennial
Plants which shed there leaves in autumn are called;
Evergreen
Annuals
p. Deciduous
c. Biennials
is a common disease found on roses grown for cut flowers.
Stem rot
Rust
Root rot
Botrytis
Plants for the marginal areas of pond are called
Bog plants
Emergent
Aquatic plants
floaters
Type of contained water feature is
Fountain
Water fall
s. Pond
c. None of the above
is used for daily movement in the landscape
t. Functional path
Temporary path
Occasional path
Decorative path
when all the parts of the design suggest a single impression it is called
Harmony
Transition
Balance
Unity
In Punjab pruning of roses is managed during
Summer
Winter
Spring
Year around
Which of the following roses bear clustered flowers?
Hybrid tea
Floribunda
Miniature
All of the above
The new growth of a Dieffenbachia is weak and spindly, with large gaps between the
leaves. The problem is probably:Salt damage
Nitrogen deficiency
Botrytis
Lack of light
Cuttings of potted chrysanthemums are planted at an angle to encourage:
Increased branching
Larger blooms
A more rounded plant
Earlier flowering
The common name for Zebrina pendula is:
African Lily
Boston ivy
z. Wandering Jew
c. Grape ivy
Which of the following flower types is not suitable for pressing?
Daffodil
Dusty miller
Pansy
African violet
The most important environmental factor regulating flower initiation in bulbous species
is:Light
e. Temperature
Moisture
Ventilation
Plant propagation is important because of the reason:
f. Selected plants chosen to maintain their traits
Usefulness
For specific traits
Preserving plant products as a source of food
Successful Plant Propagation involves the:
Knowledge of technical skills
Knowledge of plant biology
Knowledge of plant
All of these
Any detached plant part which, when placed under favorable conditions will produce a
new plant identical to the parent plant is called a:Cutting
Seed
Plug
Graft
Which type of cutting is taken in the dormant season when tissues are fully matured
and lignified.Softwood
Semi-hardwood
i. Hardwood
Herbaceous
Colchicine is chemically:
Volatile oil
Tannins
Protein
j. Alkaloid
Quinine alkaloids are present in
Nux vomica
Cocoa leaves
Belladona roots
k. Cinchona bark
This mineral is exposed to high heat and expanded. It is often used as a propagation
media.Perlite
l. Vermiculite
Peat Moss
Sand
What are two of the most important qualities for selecting a
rooting media?Hard and free from pests
Well drained and low moisture retentive
m. Water holding capacity and Air holding capacity
c. None of these
Which of these four plants which are propagated from herbaceous cuttings.
n. Carnation, Chrysanthemum, Coleus and Geranium.
Azalea, Coleus, Geranium and Rose
Coleus, Ruscus, Gardenia and holly
Tuberose, Syngonium, Hibiscus and Dracenia
Why is it important to select cutting free of berries and flowers?
The flowers and berries take up too much space in the propagation bed.
Because berries and flowers weigh down the cuttings and may cause them to tip over.
The flowers and berries would attract harmful insects to the cuttings.
o. Because they consume much of the food stored and produced by the cutting.
Why is it important to transport cutting from the field to the propagation area in a
plastic bag?To keep your hands and clothing clean.
p. To help maintain the moisture level of the cutting stock.
Because a paper bag would tear too easily
To maintain the integrity of the soil around the roots.
What is the optimum length for most of cuttings?
1 to 3 inches
3 to 6 inches
q. 6 to 8 inches
c. 10 to 12 inches
The bottom leaves from the cutting should be removed before “sticking” the cutting for
which of the following reasons.The leaves may rot
The leaves may become diseased
Neither A nor B
r. Both A and B
When taking the cutting from the stock plant, at what angle should the cut be made?
25-degrees
s. 45-degrees
60-degrees
90-degrees
When sticking a hard wood cutting, how many nodes should be under the rooting
medium?t. At least 1
1 to 3
2 to 4
3 to 5
Why are rooting hormones applied to cuttings?
To increase the plant’s ability to reproduce.
To promote the production of a new root system.
To help the cutting resist disease.
To promote the production of healthy leaves, flowers and berries.
Why must a hole or furrow be made in the growing media before sticking the cutting?
To prevent the rooting hormone from getting knocked off the end of the cutting.
To make the process of sticking the cutting easier.
To establish the depth to which the cutting should be planted.
To maintain good air circulation around the cutting’s base.
How many seconds should a cutting be held in a liquid IBA rooting hormone?
2
5
10
12
How far should cuttings be inserted into the rooting media?
½ to 3 inch
¾ to 2 inch
w. 1 to 2 inch
c. 1 ½ to 3 inch
795 It is important to firm the soil around the base of the cutting due to following reasons:
To eliminate air pockets.
To make sure the base of the cutting makes good contact with the rooting media.
Neither A nor B
x. Both A and B
Why is it important to evenly space the cuttings in the rooting medium?
To promote good air circulation.
To cut down on the transmission of disease organisms.
y. To make the best use of the propagation space.
c. All of the above.
What portion of the stem of a cutting should be coated with rooting hormone?
A portion which includes at least two nodes.
The bottom ¼ inch.
z. The portion of the stem that will be under the media.
c. The entire cutting should be covered with hormone.
What is the final step of preparing cuttings?
Preparing the rooting media.
Selecting quality cutting stock.
The application of rooting hormone.